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高盛分析师:抄底晶片股、动能股正是时候 杠杆更低、持仓更轻了

2026-08-21 08:08:46 钜亨网 阅读(21)

高盛顶尖量化策略师认为,现在正是布局半导体与动能股的时机。据《华尔街见闻》,高盛全球银行与市场部门 ETF 交易主管 Shawn Tuteja 在最新报告中指出,目前半导体与 AI 类股近 20% 的动能因子回档,主要是受到技术性与市场结构因素影响。

高盛分析师:抄底晶片股、动能股正是时候 杠杆更低、持仓更轻了

他认为,随着市场整体杠杆下降、机构投资人持仓更加均衡,目前正是投资人以「试探性建仓」方式布局半导体与动能股多头部位的战术性机会。

目前市场对标普 500 指数年底突破 8,000 点的预期仍属主流看法,争议并不大。

高盛预估 2027 年标普 500 每股盈余(EPS)为 385 美元,而市场一致预估为 398 美元。若取两者中间值,并给予 20.5 倍本益比估值,推算结果仍高于 8,000 点,距离目前收盘价不到 7%。

Tuteja 认为,此轮动能因子超过 20% 的回档,本质上反映的是市场定价效率提升,而非 AI 投资逻辑遭到破坏。

他指出,历史上动能策略在每年 7 月下旬通常表现较弱,市场如今已充分掌握这项规律,因此「轮动交易」不再等到 7 月 18 日才开始,而是提前至 7 月 1 日便展开。

若从经波动率调整后的跌幅观察,本次修正幅度其实与过去动能因子在相似已实现波动率环境下的历次回档相当一致,只是此次市场下跌速度更快。

高盛现货交易部门收到的客户回馈,也支持上述判断。

根据高盛 TMT 交易团队资料,目前客户市场情绪约为 7.5 至 8 分(满分 10 分),虽较一个月前的 9.5 至 10 分降温,但大多数客户仍认为,此次修正主要由技术性因素所驱动。

不少客户指出,费城半导体指数自 4 月至 5 月期间累计上涨约 100%,期间仅出现两次约 5% 的回档,因此后续进入整理格局十分合理。

他们同时认为,如果市场真的开始「宣判」AI 投资行情见顶,应该会看到 AI 类股全面走弱。然而目前包括戴尔、Credo Technology 等个股股价仍维持高档,大型 SaaS 与 IT 服务股也未出现明显反弹,与典型的「市场见顶」讯号并不一致。

杠杆退潮 市场结构性压力逐步消化

美国杠杆型半导体 ETF 整体规模,已由 6 月中旬高峰约 1,570 亿美元,大幅下降至 7 月 8 日约 1,040 亿美元,累计减少约 530 亿美元。

这波去杠杆过程,不仅代表资金流出,也直接改变市场微观结构。

在规模高峰时,仅半导体杠杆 ETF 每日所产生的空头 Gamma 部位约达 28 亿美元,意味着若半导体板块单日上涨 3%,ETF 再平衡机制便需买进约 85 亿美元半导体股票。

目前每日 Gamma 部位已降至约 19 亿美元。值得注意的是,若仅考虑现货价格下跌带来的规模缩水,整体 ETF 规模理应降至约 890 亿美元;然而目前仍维持约 1,040 亿美元,代表市场在修正期间,投资人仍透过杠杆型半导体 ETF 额外买进约 150 亿美元资金,显示「逢低买进」行为依然持续。

另一方面,避险基金持仓资料也显示去杠杆仍在持续。根据高盛 Prime Services 资料,近几周基本面多空策略基金已大幅降低 AI 与动能因子曝险,目前总杠杆比率已降至近一年最低十分位。

虽然基本面多空基金自 6 月 22 日以来下跌约 2.2%,但今年以来仍累积约 15.5% 报酬率。

此外,机构投资人的融资成本也明显上升。根据市场报导,上周 SK 海力士(SK hynix)(000660-KR)、三星电子(Samsung Electronics)(005930-KR)等热门个股,一个月融资利率一度高达联邦基金利率加 12%,使横盘整理期间持股吸引力进一步下降。

目前个股隐含波动率相对于指数隐含波动率的溢价,已升至近 20 年来最高水准。

高盛统计显示,标普 500 前 50 大成分股三个月期加权平均隐含波动率,比指数高出约 26 个波动率点。

这代表市场隐含相关性极低,也就是当半导体股下跌时,医疗保健、金融等其他板块往往同步上涨。

Tuteja 指出,半导体 ETF 单月跨式选择权策略(每周展期、每日 Delta 避险)自 AI 投资热潮开始以来,一直维持正报酬;相较之下,同样策略套用于标普 500 指数则长期维持负报酬,两者表现形成鲜明对比。

他认为,随着市场杠杆降低、每日空头 Gamma 部位缩小,以及持仓结构重新回归稳定,半导体类股的隐含波动率与实际波动率理应逐步下降。

目前个股买权相对卖权的偏斜仍具吸引力,因此建议希望持有多头部位,同时锁定部分上涨空间并降低下跌风险的投资人,可考虑建立领口(Collar)或熊市价差领口(Put Spread Collar)策略。

市场焦点转向财报季

相较于一个月前部分 AI 个股短时间内股价翻倍、甚至翻三倍的行情,目前市场对于后续上涨空间的预期已趋于理性。

高盛研究团队先前大力推荐「卖出价外买权、支付买进卖权避险成本」的领口策略,在 4 至 5 月间询问度极高,但实际成交并不多,原因在于投资人普遍担心卖出买权后错失后续涨势。

Tuteja 指出,超大型云端服务商 2026 年资本支出预估于第二季大幅上修约 1,000 亿美元,是推动 4 至 5 月半导体行情的重要催化因素之一。

然而,高盛研究团队预估,本季财报期间不太可能再出现如此大规模的资本支出预估上修。

随着 7 月财报季到来,市场焦点将转向 AI 投资报酬率、开源模型发展趋势,以及 Token 使用量等议题。

Tuteja 最后指出,影响市场中期走势最大的变数,仍是联准会本轮潜在升息循环的发展方向。

目前股票市场主流预期为「不升息」,利率市场则反映约两次升息,而部分总体经济基金甚至押注四次以上升息。

他认为,这三种不同的利率路径,将对未来市场领涨族群带来截然不同的影响。

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    "description": "高盛全球银行与市场部门 ETF 交易主管 Shawn Tuteja 在最新报告中指出,目前半导体与 AI 类股近 20% 的动能因子回档,主要是受到技术性与市场结构因素影响。",
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    "content": "<p>高盛顶尖量化策略师认为,现在正是布局半导体与动能股的时机。据《华尔街见闻》,高盛全球银行与市场部门 ETF 交易主管 Shawn Tuteja 在最新报告中指出,目前半导体与 AI 类股近 20% 的动能因子回档,主要是受到技术性与市场结构因素影响。</p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img src=\"https://cimg.cnyes.cool/prod/news/6530419/l/218fa83151390eb4ac5346e52d4857f4.jpg\" alt=\"高盛分析师:抄底晶片股、动能股正是时候 杠杆更低、持仓更轻了\" style=\"width:50%;height:auto;border-radius:6px;margin:15px auto;display:block;\"></p>\n\n\n<p>他认为,随着市场整体杠杆下降、机构投资人持仓更加均衡,目前正是投资人以「试探性建仓」方式布局半导体与动能股多头部位的战术性机会。</p>\n\n<p>目前市场对标普 500 指数年底突破 8,000 点的预期仍属主流看法,争议并不大。</p>\n\n<p>高盛预估 2027 年标普 500 每股盈余(EPS)为 385 美元,而市场一致预估为 398 美元。若取两者中间值,并给予 20.5 倍本益比估值,推算结果仍高于 8,000 点,距离目前收盘价不到 7%。</p>\n\n<p>Tuteja 认为,此轮动能因子超过 20% 的回档,本质上反映的是市场定价效率提升,而非 AI 投资逻辑遭到破坏。</p>\n\n<p>他指出,历史上动能策略在每年 7 月下旬通常表现较弱,市场如今已充分掌握这项规律,因此「轮动交易」不再等到 7 月 18 日才开始,而是提前至 7 月 1 日便展开。</p>\n\n<p>若从经波动率调整后的跌幅观察,本次修正幅度其实与过去动能因子在相似已实现波动率环境下的历次回档相当一致,只是此次市场下跌速度更快。</p>\n\n<p>高盛现货交易部门收到的客户回馈,也支持上述判断。</p>\n\n<p>根据高盛 TMT 交易团队资料,目前客户市场情绪约为 7.5 至 8 分(满分 10 分),虽较一个月前的 9.5 至 10 分降温,但大多数客户仍认为,此次修正主要由技术性因素所驱动。</p>\n\n<p>不少客户指出,费城半导体指数自 4 月至 5 月期间累计上涨约 100%,期间仅出现两次约 5% 的回档,因此后续进入整理格局十分合理。</p>\n\n<p>他们同时认为,如果市场真的开始「宣判」AI 投资行情见顶,应该会看到 AI 类股全面走弱。然而目前包括戴尔、Credo Technology 等个股股价仍维持高档,大型 SaaS 与 IT 服务股也未出现明显反弹,与典型的「市场见顶」讯号并不一致。</p>\n\n<p><em><strong>杠杆退潮 市场结构性压力逐步消化</strong></em></p>\n\n<p>美国杠杆型半导体 ETF 整体规模,已由 6 月中旬高峰约 1,570 亿美元,大幅下降至 7 月 8 日约 1,040 亿美元,累计减少约 530 亿美元。</p>\n\n<p>这波去杠杆过程,不仅代表资金流出,也直接改变市场微观结构。</p>\n\n<p>在规模高峰时,仅半导体杠杆 ETF 每日所产生的空头 Gamma 部位约达 28 亿美元,意味着若半导体板块单日上涨 3%,ETF 再平衡机制便需买进约 85 亿美元半导体股票。</p>\n\n<p>目前每日 Gamma 部位已降至约 19 亿美元。值得注意的是,若仅考虑现货价格下跌带来的规模缩水,整体 ETF 规模理应降至约 890 亿美元;然而目前仍维持约 1,040 亿美元,代表市场在修正期间,投资人仍透过杠杆型半导体 ETF 额外买进约 150 亿美元资金,显示「逢低买进」行为依然持续。</p>\n\n<p>另一方面,避险基金持仓资料也显示去杠杆仍在持续。根据高盛 Prime Services 资料,近几周基本面多空策略基金已大幅降低 AI 与动能因子曝险,目前总杠杆比率已降至近一年最低十分位。</p>\n\n<p>虽然基本面多空基金自 6 月 22 日以来下跌约 2.2%,但今年以来仍累积约 15.5% 报酬率。</p>\n\n<p>此外,机构投资人的融资成本也明显上升。根据市场报导,上周 SK 海力士(SK hynix)(000660-KR)、三星电子(Samsung Electronics)(005930-KR)等热门个股,一个月融资利率一度高达联邦基金利率加 12%,使横盘整理期间持股吸引力进一步下降。</p>\n\n<p>目前个股隐含波动率相对于指数隐含波动率的溢价,已升至近 20 年来最高水准。</p>\n\n<p>高盛统计显示,标普 500 前 50 大成分股三个月期加权平均隐含波动率,比指数高出约 26 个波动率点。</p>\n\n<p>这代表市场隐含相关性极低,也就是当半导体股下跌时,医疗保健、金融等其他板块往往同步上涨。</p>\n\n<p>Tuteja 指出,半导体 ETF 单月跨式选择权策略(每周展期、每日 Delta 避险)自 AI 投资热潮开始以来,一直维持正报酬;相较之下,同样策略套用于标普 500 指数则长期维持负报酬,两者表现形成鲜明对比。</p>\n\n<p>他认为,随着市场杠杆降低、每日空头 Gamma 部位缩小,以及持仓结构重新回归稳定,半导体类股的隐含波动率与实际波动率理应逐步下降。</p>\n\n<p>目前个股买权相对卖权的偏斜仍具吸引力,因此建议希望持有多头部位,同时锁定部分上涨空间并降低下跌风险的投资人,可考虑建立领口(Collar)或熊市价差领口(Put Spread Collar)策略。</p>\n\n<p><em><strong>市场焦点转向财报季</strong></em></p>\n\n<p>相较于一个月前部分 AI 个股短时间内股价翻倍、甚至翻三倍的行情,目前市场对于后续上涨空间的预期已趋于理性。</p>\n\n<p>高盛研究团队先前大力推荐「卖出价外买权、支付买进卖权避险成本」的领口策略,在 4 至 5 月间询问度极高,但实际成交并不多,原因在于投资人普遍担心卖出买权后错失后续涨势。</p>\n\n<p>Tuteja 指出,超大型云端服务商 2026 年资本支出预估于第二季大幅上修约 1,000 亿美元,是推动 4 至 5 月半导体行情的重要催化因素之一。</p>\n\n<p>然而,高盛研究团队预估,本季财报期间不太可能再出现如此大规模的资本支出预估上修。</p>\n\n<p>随着 7 月财报季到来,市场焦点将转向 AI 投资报酬率、开源模型发展趋势,以及 Token 使用量等议题。</p>\n\n<p>Tuteja 最后指出,影响市场中期走势最大的变数,仍是联准会本轮潜在升息循环的发展方向。</p>\n\n<p>目前股票市场主流预期为「不升息」,利率市场则反映约两次升息,而部分总体经济基金甚至押注四次以上升息。</p>\n\n<p>他认为,这三种不同的利率路径,将对未来市场领涨族群带来截然不同的影响。</p>\n<div class=\"related-articles seo-links\">\n  <h4>相关阅读</h4>\n  <ul>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-3620.html\" title=\"〈美股早盘〉市场聚焦美光财报检验AI热潮 主要指数持平整理\">〈美股早盘〉市场聚焦美光财报检验AI热潮 主要指数持平整理</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-2599.html\" title=\"华尔街激辩AI资本狂潮!传奇空头:当前AI产业链存在巨大「会计错配」 看空SpaceX\">华尔街激辩AI资本狂潮!传奇空头:当前AI产业链存在巨大「会计错配」 看空SpaceX</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-339.html\" title=\"算力军备到来!马斯克砸千亿美元建TeraFab ASML订单排到2029年\">算力军备到来!马斯克砸千亿美元建TeraFab ASML订单排到2029年</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-6843.html\" title=\"QuantumScape财报将至 选择权预估股价将震荡12%\">QuantumScape财报将至 选择权预估股价将震荡12%</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-11732.html\" title=\"SpaceX上涨4.5% 9月将有逾7亿股解禁\">SpaceX上涨4.5% 9月将有逾7亿股解禁</a></li>\n    <li><a href=\"/new/mg/article-3521.html\" title=\"AI交易只是进入「喘息期」?科技股卖压扩散  分析师:基本面依然强劲\">AI交易只是进入「喘息期」?科技股卖压扩散  分析师:基本面依然强劲</a></li>\n  </ul>\n</div>",
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    "createdAt": "2026-07-10T04:00:26.000Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-08-21T00:08:46.000Z"
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